Karpura Gauram - 4¶
The Shloka¶
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नागेन्द्रहाराय त्रिलोचनाय भस्माङ्गरागाय महेश्वराय।
नित्याय शुद्धाय दिगम्बराय तस्मै नकाराय नमः शिवाय।
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Nāgendrahārāya trilocanāya bhasmāṅgarāgāya maheśvarāya.
Nityāya śuddhāya digambarāya tasmai nakārāya namaḥ śivāya.
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Meaning / Summary¶
कर्पूर गौरम प्रार्थनेचा एक भाग असलेला हा श्लोक, भगवान शंकराच्या विविध प्रतिष्ठित गुणांवर आणि तात्विक पैलूंवर प्रकाश टाकणारी एक सखोल स्तुती आहे. हा श्लोक शंकराला एक देवता म्हणून चित्रित करतो, ज्यात भयानक आणि परोपकारी दोन्ही गुण आहेत. सर्पांना हार म्हणून धारण करणे (नागेन्द्रहाराय) हे त्याच्या धोकादायक शक्तींवर नियंत्रण आणि ऐहिक भयापासून अलिप्तता दर्शवते, तसेच कुंडलिनी शक्तीचेही प्रतीक आहे. त्याचे तीन डोळे (त्रिलोचनाय) दैवी ज्ञान, अंतर्दृष्टी आणि द्वैतवादाच्या पलीकडे पाहण्याची क्षमता दर्शवतात, तसेच वाईट शक्तींचा नाश करण्याची त्याची शक्तीही दर्शवतात. त्याच्या शरीरावर पवित्र भस्म (भस्माङ्गरागाय) लेपणे हे भौतिक अस्तित्वापासून अलिप्तता, जीवनाचे नश्वर स्वरूप आणि ब्रह्मन्शी त्याची अंतिम ओळख दर्शवते. ‘महेश्वर’ असणे हे त्याचे सर्वोच्च अधिकार अधोरेखित करते. ‘नित्य’ आणि ‘शुद्ध’ असणे हे त्याचे कालातीत आणि निर्दोष दैवी स्वरूप दर्शवते. ‘दिगंबर’ (दिशाच ज्याची वस्त्रे आहेत) असणे हे सर्व ऐहिक वस्तू आणि नियमांपासून त्याची पूर्ण अलिप्तता दर्शवते, तो सर्व दिशांना आपले वस्त्र मानतो, ज्यामुळे त्याचे अमर्याद आणि सर्वव्यापी स्वरूप दर्शवले जाते. ‘नकाराय’ (‘न’ अक्षर) चा संदर्भ ‘ॐ नमः शिवाय’ या पवित्र पंचाक्षरी मंत्राशी संबंधित आहे, जिथे ‘न’ हे शिवाच्या विशिष्ट पैलूंचे प्रतिनिधित्व करते, जे ध्वनी आणि रूपाद्वारे भक्तीवर जोर देते.
जो नागांचा राजा हार म्हणून धारण करतो, ज्याला तीन डोळे आहेत, ज्याचे शरीर पवित्र भस्माने माखलेले आहे, जो महान ईश्वर आहे, जो नित्य आहे, शुद्ध आहे, आणि दिगंबर (दिशाच ज्याची वस्त्रे आहेत) आहे, त्या ‘न’ अक्षराच्या रूपातील शिवाला माझा नमस्कार असो.
या श्लोकात भगवान शिवाचे मुख्य गुणधर्म वर्णन केले आहेत: सर्पांना हार म्हणून धारण करणारा, तीन डोळे असलेला, पवित्र भस्माने शरीर माखलेला, महान ईश्वर, नित्य, शुद्ध आणि दिगंबर. हा श्लोक शिवाच्या ‘न’ अक्षराने प्रतिनिधित्व केलेल्या रूपाला नमस्कार करून समाप्त होतो, जो पंचाक्षरी मंत्राचा भाग आहे.
This shloka, part of the Karpura Gauram prayer, is a profound invocation to Lord Shiva, highlighting his various iconic attributes and philosophical aspects. It portrays Shiva as a deity who embodies both fearsome and benevolent qualities. The description of serpents as garlands signifies his control over dangerous forces and detachment from worldly fears, also representing Kundalini energy. His three eyes symbolize divine wisdom, insight, and the ability to transcend dualities, as well as his power to destroy evil. The smearing of his body with sacred ash represents his detachment from the material world, the ephemeral nature of existence, and his ultimate identity with Brahman. Being ‘Maheshwara’ emphasizes his supreme authority. The attributes of being ‘eternal’ (Nitya) and ‘pure’ (Shuddha) underscore his timeless and untainted divine nature. ‘Digambara’ (sky-clad) signifies his complete detachment from all worldly possessions and conventions, embracing all directions as his garment, denoting his boundless and all-encompassing form. The reference to ‘Nakārāya’ (the letter ‘Na’) links this verse to the sacred Panchakshari Mantra ‘Om Namah Shivaya’, where ‘Na’ is believed to represent specific aspects of Shiva, emphasizing devotion through sound and form.
Salutations to that Shiva who wears serpents as garlands, who has three eyes, whose body is smeared with sacred ash, who is the Great Lord, who is eternal, pure, and sky-clad, and to that form represented by the letter ‘Na’.
This shloka describes Lord Shiva’s key attributes: wearing serpents as garlands, having three eyes, being smeared with sacred ash, being the Great Lord, eternal, pure, and sky-clad. It concludes with salutations to Shiva, specifically acknowledging the form represented by the letter ‘Na’ from the Panchakshari Mantra.
This shloka is the second verse of the renowned ‘Karpura Gauram Karunavataram’ prayer, deeply venerating Lord Shiva. It meticulously details various attributes of Shiva, painting a comprehensive picture of his divine persona. ‘Nāgendrahārāya’ speaks of Shiva’s unique adornment of serpents as garlands. This isn’t merely decorative; it symbolizes his mastery over all forms of danger, poison, and the subconscious mind. Serpents are also associated with Kundalini energy, representing cosmic power under his control. ‘Trilocanāya’ refers to his three eyes—two conventional eyes and a third eye (the eye of wisdom or gnana-chakshu) on his forehead. This third eye symbolizes his ability to perceive beyond the physical realm, to see past, present, and future, and is also known for its destructive potential, as seen when he annihilated Kama, the god of desire. ‘Bhasmāṅgarāgāya’ highlights his practice of smearing his body with sacred ash (bhasma). This ash, often from cremation grounds, signifies detachment from the transient material world, the ultimate reality of death, and the purifying power of destruction. It reminds devotees of the impermanence of physical existence and the eternal nature of the soul. ‘Maheśvarāya’ directly addresses him as the ‘Great Lord’, acknowledging his supreme sovereignty and cosmic power over all creation, preservation, and dissolution. Moving to the second line, ‘Nityāya’ describes him as eternal, emphasizing his boundless existence beyond the confines of time. He is birthless, deathless, and ever-present. ‘Śuddhāya’ refers to his pristine and unblemished nature; Shiva is inherently pure, unaffected by the impurities of the material world or karmic actions. ‘Digambarāya’ depicts him as ‘sky-clad’, meaning he wears the directions as his garments, thus appearing naked. This is a powerful symbol of his absolute renunciation, his freedom from all earthly possessions, societal norms, and even the need for clothing, signifying that he encompasses the entire universe. Finally, ‘Tasmai Nakārāya Namaḥ Śivāya’ is a profound conclusion. ‘Tasmai’ means ‘to that (Lord)’, reinforcing the preceding descriptions. ‘Nakārāya’ refers specifically to the letter ‘Na’ in the sacred Panchakshari Mantra ‘Om Namah Shivaya’. Each syllable of this mantra is believed to represent different aspects of Shiva and the five elements, with ‘Na’ often symbolizing the element earth and Shiva’s role as the remover of sins or the eternal one. The verse concludes with ‘Namaḥ Śivāya’, a universal salutation meaning ‘Salutations to Shiva’, bowing down to his auspicious and benevolent form. This shloka is a condensed meditation on Shiva’s multifaceted glory, inviting devotees to reflect on his supreme, eternal, and liberating nature.
Sentence - 1¶
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नागेन्द्रहाराय त्रिलोचनाय भस्माङ्गरागाय महेश्वराय।
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Meaning¶
ज्याच्या गळ्यात सर्पांचा राजा हार म्हणून आहे, ज्याला तीन डोळे आहेत, ज्याचे शरीर पवित्र भस्माने माखलेले आहे, त्या महान ईश्वराला (नमस्कार असो).
To Him who wears the lord of serpents as a garland, who has three eyes, whose body is smeared with sacred ash, to the Great Lord.
Meaning of Words¶
नागेन्द्रहाराय | Nāgendrahārāya | ||
ज्याच्या गळ्यात सर्पांचा राजा हार म्हणून आहे त्याला. | To Him who has the lord of serpents as a garland. | ||
त्रिलोचनाय | Trilocanāya | ||
ज्याला तीन डोळे आहेत त्याला. | To Him who has three eyes. | ||
भस्माङ्गरागाय | Bhasmāṅgarāgāya | ||
ज्याचे शरीर पवित्र भस्माने माखलेले आहे त्याला. | To Him whose body is smeared with sacred ash. | ||
महेश्वराय | Maheśvarāya | ||
महान ईश्वराला. | To the Great Lord. |
Sentence - 2¶
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नित्याय शुद्धाय दिगम्बराय तस्मै नकाराय नमः शिवाय।
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Meaning¶
जो नित्य आहे, शुद्ध आहे, आणि दिगंबर (दिशाच ज्याची वस्त्रे आहेत) आहे, त्या ‘न’ (अक्षर) रूपातील शिवाला माझा नमस्कार असो.
To Him who is eternal, pure, and sky-clad, to that ‘Na’ (form), salutations to Shiva.
Meaning of Words¶
नित्याय | Nityāya | ||
नित्य असणाऱ्याला, शाश्वत असणाऱ्याला. | To the eternal one. | ||
शुद्धाय | Śuddhāya | ||
शुद्ध असणाऱ्याला. | To the pure one. | ||
दिगम्बराय | Digambarāya | ||
ज्याला दिशाच वस्त्रे आहेत (दिगंबर) त्याला. | To Him who is sky-clad (naked), who has directions as his garments. | ||
तस्मै | Tasmai | ||
त्या (देवाला). | To that (Lord). | ||
नकाराय | Nakārāya | ||
‘न’ या अक्षराच्या रूपातील देवाला. | To the letter ‘Na’ (representing Shiva). | ||
नमः | Namaḥ | ||
नमस्कार असो. | Salutations, obeisance. | ||
शिवाय | Śivāya | ||
शिवाला, मंगलमूर्तीला. | To Shiva, to the auspicious one. |